Bladder cancer is a global health issue with sex differences in incidence and prognosis.
Bladder cancer has distinct molecular subtypes with multiple pathogenic pathways …

The approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitors provided a paradigm shift for the
treatment of malignancies across a broad range of indications. Whereas initially, single …

Apoptosis, as a very important biological process, is a response to developmental cues or
cellular stress. Impaired apoptosis plays a central role in the development of cancer and …

Ten years since the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab was approved for advanced
melanoma, it is time to reflect on the lessons learned regarding modulation of the immune …

Somatic mutations in cancer cells can generate tumour-specific neoepitopes, which are
recognized by autologous T cells in the host. As neoepitopes are not subject to central …

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of
fundamentally different diseases with different histologic, genomic, and immunologic …

Breast cancers are complex ecosystems of malignant cells and the tumour
microenvironment. The composition of these tumour ecosystems and interactions within …

Worldwide, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Molecular
targeted therapies and immunotherapies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have …

Gastric cancer and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer represent a global health-care
challenge. Despite the efficacy of improved chemotherapy and surgical options, these …

Ovarian cancer is an aggressive disease that is frequently detected at advanced stages and
is initially very responsive to platinum-based chemotherapy. However, the majority of …