Macrophages are the most abundant and one of the most critical cells of tumor immunity.
They provide a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity through releasing cytokines …

The escalating global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat,
prompting concerns about its impact on public health. This predicament is exacerbated by …

Macrophages are innate immune cells with essential roles in host defense, inflammation,
immune regulation and repair. During infection with multicellular helminth parasites …

Since tyrosine phosphorylation is reversible and dynamic in vivo, the phosphorylation state
of proteins is controlled by the opposing roles of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein …

Aberrant activation of CD4 TH 2 cells and excessive production of TH 2 cytokines such as IL-
4 and IL-13 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Generally, IL-4 …

Background So far, limited studies have focused on the role of Macrophages (MQs) in the
development or progression of celiac disease (CD). Researchers believe that increasing …

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), an important member of the
protein tyrosine phosphatase family, can regulate various signaling pathways and biological …

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a disease that significantly affects the quality of life
of patients, with a complex pathophysiology that includes degeneration of cartilage and …

The majority of immune-mediated disease (IMD) risk loci are located in non-coding regions
of the genome, making it difficult to decipher their functional effects. To assess the extent to …

Parasitic helminths are unique pathogens, being the largest, most chronic, and yet often the
least pathogenic infectious agents that we encounter. They travel across and persist in many …