Purpose: Orbital lymphatic malformations are rare congenital choristomas associated with
pain, proptosis, exposure keratopathy, and vision loss. Current treatments of surgery …

Pediatric tumors of the eye and orbit can be benign or malignant as well as congenital or
acquired and are usually distinctively different than those seen in adults. Although most of …

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional bleomycin injection in the management of
lymphangiomas of the orbit. Methods This prospective noncomparative interventional case …

Purpose To report the patient characteristics and treatment outcomes in 12 cases of orbital
lymphangioma. Methods In this study, orbital lymphangioma was diagnosed based on …

Orbital venolymphatic malformations are rare vascular malformations that typically appear
early in life and harbor acute and chronic threats to vision. Historically, there are four …

Traditionally, for patients who are poor candidates for surgery and/or radiotherapy, palliative
chemotherapy is often offered but with significant toxic side effects. However, recent …

Background Orbital lymphangiomas are a subset of localized vascular and lymphatic
malformations, which most commonly occur in the head and neck region. Orbital …

Background Orbital and peri-orbital venolymphatic malformations (VLM) are low flow
vascular malformations. Intralesional bleomycin is now commonly being used to treat such …

Purpose: Orbital lymphatic malformations (LM) are associated with ocular morbidity and
facial disfigurement. Surgery is challenging and may not be effective. We describe the …

Background A pterional-orbital or subfrontal-orbital approach is recommended as a surgical
treatment in cranio-orbital lesions. We describe a less invasive approach through an …