Insulin plays a key role in regulating a wide range of cellular processes. However, until
recently little was known about the signalling pathways that are involved in linking the …

An assumed link between supranutritional intake of the micronutrient selenium (Se) and type
2 diabetes mellitus is discussed controversially. Se concentrations in the habitual diet and in …

The present study identifies the operation of a signal tranduction pathway in mammalian
cells that provides a checkpoint control, linking amino acid sufficiency to the control of …

Abstract INSULIN receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is the major substrate of insulin receptor and
IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinases; it has an apparent relative molecular mass of 160–190,000 …

The proteins eIF-4E BP1 and p70 S6 kinase each undergo an insulin/mitogen-stimulated
phosphorylation in situ that is partially inhibited by rapamycin. Previous work has …

The surface engagement of high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (Fc epsilon RI) of rat
basophilic leukemia 2H3 (RBL-2H3) cells induced histamine secretion and leukotriene …

Wortmannin is a potent and reversible inhibitor of insulin-stimulated PtdIns 3-kinase activity
in 3T3-L1 cells (IC50= 2.6+/-0.8 nM). Wortmannin inhibits the PtdIns 3-kinase activity which …

SH-PTP2 is a nontransmembrane human protein-tyrosine phosphatase that contains two
Src homology 2 (SH2) domains and binds to insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) via these …

To visualize signal transduction based on protein phosphorylation in living cells, we have
developed genetically encoded fluorescent indicators, named phocuses. Two different color …

Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3‐kinase has an 85 kDa subunit (p85 alpha) which mediates its
association with activated protein tyrosine kinase receptors through SH2 domains, and an …