In November 2014, Frontex started its Southern Mediterranean border monitoring operation
Triton, followed in June 2015 by the Common Security and Defence Policy anti-smuggling …

Security strategies are important sites for narrating the EU into existence as a security actor.
The unveiling of a new global strategy on foreign and security policy for the EU immediately …

Abstract The European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights (EIDHR) is often
considered the “jewel in the crown” of the European Union's democracy promotion. Its …

The chapter presents the state of the art of debates on theoretical and practical issues
concerning border politics and cross-border cooperation in Europe, that are relevant to the …

The Balkan countries have responded differently to the EU's conditional offer of
membership. This book examines the diverging compliance patterns of the Balkan …

Democracy promotion has been an influential policy agenda in many Western states and
international organisations, and amongst many NGO actors. But what kinds of models of …

Introduced by Ian Manners in an article published in 2002, the idea of 'normative power
Europe'has been very widely debated by scholars in the fields of European studies and …

This book explores the EU's relations with its eastern neighbours. Based on extensive
original research–including surveys, focus-groups, a study of school essays and in-depth …

This article focuses on two cases of the European Union (EU)'s efforts to promote its values
and norms in its immediate neighbourhood, first in central and eastern Europe after the fall …

In spring 1994 I first heard Richard Whitman ask the question,'what is the international
identity of the European Union?'. The end of the Cold War, the Treaty on European Union …