A key feature of the virulence of many bacterial pathogens is the ability to deliver effector
proteins into eukaryotic cells via a dedicated type three secretion system (T3SS). Many …

Yersiniosis is a foodborne illness that has become more prevalent in recent years due to
human transmission via the fecaloral route and prevalence in farm animals. Yersiniosis is …

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory disease caused by homozygous
or compound heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in MEFV, which encodes pyrin, an …

Pathogenic Yersinia, including Y. pestis, the agent of plague in humans, and Y.
pseudotuberculosis, the related enteric pathogen, deliver virulence effectors into host cells …

Inflammasome assembly activates caspase-1 and initiates the inflammatory cell death
program pyroptosis, which is protective against numerous pathogens. Consequently …

The generation of an effective immune response against an infection while also limiting
tissue damage requires a delicate balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory responses …

Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are central virulence factors for many pathogenic Gram-
negative bacteria, and secreted T3SS effectors can block key aspects of host cell signaling …

In neutrophils, caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin D (GSDMD), causing pyroptosis to clear
cytosol-invasive bacteria. In contrast, caspase-1 also cleaves GSDMD but seems to not …

Innate immune cells, epithelial cells, and many other cell types are capable of detecting
infection or tissue injury, thus mounting regulated immune response. Inflammasomes are …

Increasing attention is being paid to the unique roles gut microbes play in both physiological
and pathological processes. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory …