Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide on Earth. It can be obtained from a vast
number of sources, eg cell walls of wood and plants, some species of bacteria, and algae …

During the last 50 years, novel biomaterials and tissue engineering techniques have been
investigated to produce alternative vascular substitutes that recapitulate the unique elastic …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with this trend predicted to
continue for the foreseeable future. Common disorders are associated with the stenosis or …

BACKGROUND Vascular replacement and repair for the treatment of atherosclerotic
disease, infection, and traumatic injury are some of the most commonly performed surgical …

The choice of biomaterials available for regenerative medicine continues to grow rapidly,
with new materials often claiming advantages over the short-comings of those already in …

With a limited supply of organ donors and available organs for transplantation, the aim of
tissue engineering with three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology is to construct fully …

The aortic valve exhibits complex three-dimensional (3D) anatomy and heterogeneity
essential for the long-term efficient biomechanical function. These are, however, challenging …

Every year, millions of patients suffer the loss or failure of an organ or tissue as a result of
accidents or disease. Over 8 million surgical procedures are performed to treat these …

Hydrophilic polymers are the center of research emphasis in nanotechnology because of
their perceived “intelligence”. They can be used as thin films, scaffolds, or nanoparticles in a …

An important factor in the transition from an open to a closed circulatory system was a
change in vessel wall structure and composition that enabled the large arteries to store and …