Myelination of the nervous system: mechanisms and functions

KA Nave, HB Werner - Annual review of cell and developmental …, 2014 - annualreviews.org
Myelination of axons in the nervous system of vertebrates enables fast, saltatory impulse
propagation, one of the best-understood concepts in neurophysiology. However, it took a …

[HTML][HTML] Glia: victims or villains of the aging brain?

IH Salas, J Burgado, NJ Allen - Neurobiology of Disease, 2020 - Elsevier
Aging is the strongest risk factor for metabolic, vascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
Aging alone is associated with a gradual decline of cognitive and motor functions …

[HTML][HTML] The CNS myelin proteome: deep profile and persistence after post-mortem delay

O Jahn, SB Siems, K Kusch, D Hesse… - Frontiers in Cellular …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Myelin membranes are dominated by lipids while the complexity of their protein composition
has long been considered to be low. However, numerous additional myelin proteins have …

Retinoid X receptor activation reverses age-related deficiencies in myelin debris phagocytosis and remyelination

MS Natrajan, AG de la Fuente, AH Crawford, E Linehan… - Brain, 2015 - academic.oup.com
The efficiency of central nervous system remyelination declines with age. This is in part due
to an age-associated decline in the phagocytic removal of myelin debris, which contains …

Proteome profile of peripheral myelin in healthy mice and in a neuropathy model

SB Siems, O Jahn, MA Eichel, N Kannaiyan, LMN Wu… - Elife, 2020 - elifesciences.org
Proteome and transcriptome analyses aim at comprehending the molecular profiles of the
brain, its cell-types and subcellular compartments including myelin. Despite the relevance of …

[HTML][HTML] Multiscale network modeling of oligodendrocytes reveals molecular components of myelin dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease

AT McKenzie, S Moyon, M Wang, I Katsyv… - Molecular …, 2017 - Springer
Abstract Background Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin are critical for normal brain
function and have been implicated in neurodegeneration. Several lines of evidence …

[HTML][HTML] EXOSC8 mutations alter mRNA metabolism and cause hypomyelination with spinal muscular atrophy and cerebellar hypoplasia

V Boczonadi, JS Müller, A Pyle, J Munkley… - Nature …, 2014 - nature.com
The exosome is a multi-protein complex, required for the degradation of AU-rich element
(ARE) containing messenger RNAs (mRNAs). EXOSC8 is an essential protein of the …

Golgi outposts nucleate microtubules in cells with specialized shapes

A Valenzuela, L Meservey, H Nguyen, MM Fu - Trends in Cell Biology, 2020 - cell.com
Classically, animal cells nucleate or form new microtubules off the perinuclear centrosome.
In recent years, the Golgi outpost has emerged as a satellite organelle that can function as …

Septin/anillin filaments scaffold central nervous system myelin to accelerate nerve conduction

J Patzig, MS Erwig, S Tenzer, K Kusch, P Dibaj… - Elife, 2016 - elifesciences.org
Myelination of axons facilitates rapid impulse propagation in the nervous system. The
axon/myelin-unit becomes impaired in myelin-related disorders and upon normal aging …

Adapting brain metabolism to myelination and long‐range signal transduction

J Hirrlinger, KA Nave - Glia, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
In the mammalian brain, the subcortical white matter comprises long‐range axonal
projections and their associated glial cells. Here, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes serve …