The ongoing contractile and metabolic demands of the heart require a tight control over
protein quality control, including the maintenance of protein folding, turnover and synthesis …

Described as the 'single largest unmet need in cardiovascular medicine', heart failure with
preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains an untreatable disease currently representing …

The mechanisms of interstitial lung disease (ILD) remain incompletely understood, although
recent observations have suggested an important contribution by IL-33. Substantial …

Increased urinary albumin excretion is not simply an aftermath of glomerular injury, but is
also involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Whereas Toll-like receptors …

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are key regulators of cell homeostasis, and their cytoprotective
role has been largely investigated in the last few decades. However, an increasing amount …

Myocardial damage, by different noxious causes, triggers an inflammatory reaction driving
post-injury repair mechanisms and chronic remodelling processes that are largely …

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the most common cause of myocardial
inflammation, which is primarily a manifestation of the innate immune responses. Innate …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a key pattern recognition receptor, initiates the innate immune
response and leads to chronic and acute inflammation. In the past decades, accumulating …

Background Heart failure (HF) is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality
for the cardiovascular risk population. We found previously that extracellular HSP70 (heat …

Protein folding is the process by which a polypeptide chain acquires its functional, native 3D
structure. Protein misfolding, on the other hand, is a process in which protein fails to fold into …