Many systems require very high heat removal rates in small areas due to the increase in
their packing density, such as power electronics. These systems need to be cooled to …

When heated fuel is injected into an ambient environment below its saturation pressure, the
fuel could reach superheated state and experience flash boiling. Comparing with the non …

The combustion of gasoline in modern homogeneously operated DISI engines can result in
soot particles and unburned hydrocarbons. One major source for these pollutants is the …

Flash boiling occurs when liquid fuel is injected into an ambient environment below its
saturation pressure. Compared to non-flash-boiling (liquid) spray, flash-boiling spray …

By definition, flashboiling is referred to as superheated injections. The sudden occurrence of
boiling inside the fuel can change the spray structure dramatically. Up to 99% of all injection …

As increasing fuel injection pressure in GDI (Gasoline Direct Injection) engines has been
used for improving atomization quality, raising fuel temperature is also receiving more and …

Due to the principle of direct injection, which is applied in modern homogeneously operated
gasoline engines, there are various operation points with significant particulate emissions …

Abstract The new European Emission Standard Euro 6d will limit the particulate number
emissions under real driving conditions for gasoline engines, and meeting these new …

Flash boiling spray is considered a potential solution for addressing spray impingement
related issues such as pool fire caused by spray-wall interactions, in addition to its benefit of …

Higher engine efficiency and ever stringent pollutant emission regulations are considered as
the most important challenges for today's automotive industry. Fast evaporation and …