Multiple RNA pathways are required to produce functional sperm. Here, we review RNA post-
transcriptional regulation during spermatogenesis with particular emphasis on the role of …

Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A, is critical for the production of oocytes and
sperm in mammals. These gametes derive from primordial germ cells, which colonize the …

An in vitro model of human ovarian follicles would greatly benefit the study of female
reproduction. Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and several …

Our recent perplexing findings that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) acquired
embryonic-like stemness and were capable of tumor initiation raised two important …

Many genes are regulated by multiple enhancers that often simultaneously activate their
target gene. However, how individual enhancers collaborate to activate transcription is not …

Expression of DAZ-like (DAZL) is a hallmark of vertebrate germ cells, and is essential for
embryonic germ cell development and differentiation, yet the gametogenic function of DAZL …

Mammalian primordial germ cells (PGCs) are induced in the embryonic epiblast, before
migrating to the nascent gonads. In fish, frogs, and birds, the germline segregates even …

Understanding the unique mechanisms of human oogenesis necessitates the development
of an in vitro system of stem cell differentiation into oocytes. Specialized cell types and …

Infertility is a condition that occurs very frequently and understanding what defines normal
fertility is crucial to helping patients. Causes of infertility are numerous and the treatment …

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the early embryonic precursors of gametes–sperm and
egg cells. PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) can currently be derived in vitro from pluripotent cells …