Abstract The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is the largest single-
cohort prospective longitudinal study of neurodevelopment and children's health in the …

Many students of statistics and econometrics express frustration with the way a problem
known as “bad control” is treated in the traditional literature. The issue arises when the …

We extend the omitted variable bias framework with a suite of tools for sensitivity analysis in
regression models that does not require assumptions on the functional form of the treatment …

It is of great significance to explore the effect and mechanism of extreme climate on energy
efficiency. In theory, extreme climate can stimulate the forcing effect to improve the level of …

The widespread integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the realms of energy
and the environment has emerged as a catalyst for transformative shifts toward low-carbon …

Political psychologists often examine the influence of psychological dispositions on political
attitudes. Central to this field is the ideological asymmetry hypothesis (IAH), which asserts …

Instrumental variable (IV) analysis relies on the exclusion restriction—that the instrument
only affects the dependent variable via its relationship with the independent variable and not …

Culture deeply infuses entrepreneurs' psychology, and ultimately the performance of their
firms. Drawing on cultural-tightness looseness theory and emergent entrepreneurship …

Posttreatment variables are covariates that are preceded by the main explanatory variable.
Their inclusion in a statistical model does not 'control'for their influence on the relationship of …

Access to social capital is stratified by socioeconomic status and has been cross-sectionally
linked to involvement in voluntary organizations. Yet, we know little about the origin and …