Dispersal is central in ecology and evolution because it influences population regulation,
adaptation, and speciation. In many species, dispersal is different between genders, leading …

Relict species have always beguiled evolutionary biologists and biogeographers, who often
view them as fascinating 'living fossils' or remnants of old times. Consequently, they are …

Summary Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, ants, and bees) are one of four mega-diverse
insect orders, comprising more than 153,000 described and possibly up to one million …

Background The extant squamates (> 9400 known species of lizards and snakes) are one of
the most diverse and conspicuous radiations of terrestrial vertebrates, but no studies have …

Insects are the most speciose group of animals, but the phylogenetic relationships of many
major lineages remain unresolved. We inferred the phylogeny of insects from 1478 protein …

The early evolutionary history of the chloroplast lineage remains an open question. It is
widely accepted that the endosymbiosis that established the chloroplast lineage in …

Time-calibrated species phylogenies are critical for addressing a wide range of questions in
evolutionary biology, such as those that elucidate historical biogeography or uncover …

Species richness varies widely across extant clades, but the causes of this variation remain
poorly understood. We investigate the role of diversification rate heterogeneity in shaping …

Mosses are a highly diverse lineage of land plants, whose diversification, spanning at least
400 million years, remains phylogenetically ambiguous due to the lack of fossils, massive …

Ferns are the second-most diverse lineage of vascular plants on Earth, yet the best-sampled
time-calibrated phylogeny of the group to date includes fewer than 5% of global diversity …