Since the early 1980s, phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) has been an attractive target for the
treatment of inflammation-based diseases. Several scientific advancements, by both …

Abstract Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) is one of the most well-studied phosphodiesterases
(PDEs) that specifically targets cGMP typically generated by nitric oxide (NO)-mediated …

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species by damaged mitochondria after ischemia is a key
factor in the subsequent cascade of damage. Delivery of therapeutic agents to the …

Abstract Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) protects against neuronal apoptosis
induced by cerebral ischemia. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the …

Depression is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent depressed
mood and causes serious socioeconomic burden worldwide. Hyperactivity of the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive age-related
neurodegenerative disorder. Paramount evidence shed light on the role of PI3K/AKT …

Abstract Background Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been associated with psychiatric
disorders in observational studies; however, the causality of associations remains …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a persistent neuropathological stipulation manifested in the form
of neuronal/synapse demise, the formation of senile plaques, hyperphosphorylated tau …

Proteolytic targeting chimaeras (PROTACs) have been developed as an effective
technology for targeted protein degradation. PROTACs are heterobifunctional molecules …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Extracts of the plant Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.)
Spring (spike moss) are used for a long time in Asia, for the treatment of multiple diseases …