One of the potential mechanisms of motor cortex stimulation by noninvasive brain
stimulation (NIBS) effects on pain is through the restoration of the defective endogenous …

It has been well-documented that the brain changes in states of chronic pain. Less is known
about changes in the brain that predict the transition from acute to chronic pain. Evidence …

Determining the mechanistic causes of complex biopsychosocial health conditions such as
low back pain (LBP) is challenging, and research is scarce. Cross-sectional studies …

Musculoskeletal pain is an extensive societal challenge, due to the large population
affected, an increased expected life span, and the lack of efficient prevention and treatment …

Neck pain is a worldwide health problem. Clarifying the etiology and providing effective
interventions are challenging for the multifactorial nature of neck pain. As an essential …

Pain alters motor function. This is supported by studies showing reduced corticomotor
excitability in response to experimental pain lasting< 90 minutes. Whether similar reductions …

Heightened pain sensitivity, the amount of pain experienced in response to a noxious event,
is a known risk factor for development of chronic pain. We have previously reported that pain …

Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been reported to
effectively alleviate chronic pain, including phantom limb pain (PLP). Recently, literature has …

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of the literature on the
neurophysiological lesion as referenced in functional neurology. Methods A literature search …

Objective Although acute pain has been shown to reduce corticomotor excitability, it remains
unknown whether this response resolves over time or is related to symptom severity …