Individual variation in behavior and physiology is a widespread and ecologically functional
phenomenon in nature in virtually all vertebrate species. Due to domestication of laboratory …

A coping style (also termed behavioural syndrome or personality) is defined as a correlated
set of individual behavioural and physiological characteristics that is consistent over time …

The AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition (“work”) is licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License (http …

FORKMAN, B., A., BOISSY, M.-C., SALAÜN, E., CANALI, AND RB, JONES. A critical review
of fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 000-000 …

Measuring HPA axis activity is the standard approach to the study of stress and welfare in
farm animals. Although the reference technique is the use of blood plasma to measure …

Ecological studies on feral populations of mice, fish and birds elucidate the functional
significance of phenotypes that differ individually in their behavioral and neuroendocrine …

Considerable individual differences exist in trait-like patterns of behavioral and physiological
responses to salient environmental challenges. This individual variation in stress coping …

Individual differences in physiological and behavioural responses to stressors are
increasingly recognised as adaptive variation and thus raw material for evolution and fish …

Predicting the individual vulnerability to immune mediated disease is one of the main
challenges of modern biomedical research. However, the question of individual behavioral …

We assessed effects of two-step debonding strategies in calf rearing systems with different
types of prolonged cow-calf contact (CCC) on stress responses, health and performance of …