The human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of
bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial …

Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the
accumulation of misfolded alpha-synuclein protein (Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons …

Psychobiotics are a group of probiotics that affect the central nervous system (CNS) related
functions and behaviors mediated by the gut-brain-axis (GBA) via immune, humoral, neural …

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast
genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every …

Recent data suggest gut microbiota dysbiosis as a contributing factor in neurodegenerative
diseases, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and these …

Many recent studies have shown that the gut microbiome plays important roles in human
physiology and pathology. Also, microbiome-based therapies have been used to improve …

Psychobiotics—live microorganisms with potential mental health benefits, which can
modulate the microbiota-gut-brain-axis via immune, humoral, neural, and metabolic …

Aging is associated with a decline in skeletal muscle mass and function—termed sarcopenia—
as mediated, in part, by muscle anabolic resistance. This metabolic phenomenon describes …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease attributed to
multifactorial changes. However, its pathological mechanism remains undetermined …

There is increasing evidence highlighting the potential role of the gut-brain axis in the
pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and on the use of probiotics as a therapeutic …