Most organisms, including ourselves, are exposed to environmental stressors at various
points during life, and responses to such stressors have been optimised by evolution to give …

Early life experiences can have profound and persistent effects on traits expressed
throughout the life course, with consequences for later life behavior, disease risk, and …

Early life experiences, including those in utero, have been linked to increased risk for adult-
onset chronic disease. The underlying assumption is that there is a critical period of …

We discuss the long-term effects of stress exposure in pre-and early postnal life. We present
an evolutionary framework within which such effects can be viewed, and describe how the …

Developmental stressors are increasingly recognised for their pervasive influence on the
ecology and evolution of animals. In particular, many studies have focused on how …

Noise pollution is expanding at an unprecedented rate and is increasingly associated with
impaired reproduction and development across taxa. However, whether noise sound waves …

Prolonged exposure to stress during development can have long-term detrimental effects on
health and wellbeing. However, the environmental matching hypothesis proposes that …

Steroid hormones, including those produced by the gonads and the adrenal glands, are
known to influence brain development during sensitive periods of life. Until recently, most …

The developmental environment has strong and pervasive effects on animal phenotype.
Exposure to stress during development (in the form of elevated glucocorticoid hormones or …

Our understanding of fundamental organismal biology has been disproportionately
influenced by studies of a relatively small number of 'model'species extensively studied in …