Flavonoids are present in fruits, vegetables and beverages derived from plants (tea, red
wine), and in many dietary supplements or herbal remedies including Ginkgo Biloba, Soy …

The novel finding that grapefruit juice can markedly augment oral drug bioavailability was
based on an unexpected observation from an interaction study between the dihydropyridine …

▪ Abstract Cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) is importantly involved in the metabolism of many
chemically diverse drugs administered to humans. Moreover, its localization in high amounts …

P‐glycoprotein (Pgp) is a 170 kDa phosphorylated glycoprotein encoded by human MDR1
gene. It is responsible for the systemic disposition of numerous structurally and …

A resurgence in the use of medical herbs in the Western world, and the co-use of modern
and traditional therapies is becoming more common. Thus there is the potential for both …

Food-drug interactions can be associated with alterations in the pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic profile of various drugs that may have clinical implications. The various …

The calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) tacrolimus and cyclosporine are widely used
immunosuppressive drugs characterized by high pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic …

Introduction: Since their initial discovery in 1989, grapefruit juice (GFJ)–drug interactions
have received extensive interest from the scientific, medical, regulatory and lay communities …

More than a decade has passed since it was unintentionally discovered that grapefruit juice
interacts with certain drugs. The coadministration of these drugs with grapefruit juice can …

Grapefruit juice, a beverage consumed in large quantities by the general population, is an
inhibitor of the intestinal cytochrome P-450 3A4 system, which is responsible for the first …