MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that inhibit the expression of target genes
by directly binding to their mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed as precursor molecules, which …

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, evolutionary conserved. They
target more than one mRNAs, thus influencing multiple molecular pathways, but also …

Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine-threonine kinase that
controls several important aspects of mammalian cell function. mTOR activity is modulated …

Continuous proliferation of tumor cells requires constant adaptations of energy metabolism
to rapidly fuel cell growth and division. This energetic adaptation often comprises …

Abstract Phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)
signaling pathway is one of the most important proliferative signaling pathways with critical …

Diabetic encephalopathy, a severe complication of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by
neuroinflammation and aberrant synaptogenesis in the hippocampus leading to cognitive …

A number of molecular pathways play key roles in transmitting information in addition to the
genomic sequence—epigenetic information—from one generation to the next. However, so …

Abstract mTOR is a serine-threonine kinase and participates in cell proliferation, cellular
metabolism was found to be activated during Severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Otto Warburg discovered that cancer cells exhibit a high rate of glycolysis in the presence of
ample oxygen, a process termed aerobic glycolysis, in 1924 (Warburg et al., 1924). Since …

Human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and poorly understood
subclass of breast cancer. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are required for glucose uptake in …