Counterfeiting and inverse engineering of security and confidential documents, such as
banknotes, passports, national cards, certificates, and valuable products, has significantly …

Rapid, accurate, portable and quantitative profiling of metabolic biomarkers is of great
importance for disease diagnosis and prognosis. The recent development in the optical and …

In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) bound to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen
(PCNA) replicates the lagging strand and cooperates with flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) to …

The heterotrimeric eukaryotic Replication protein A (RPA) is a master regulator of numerous
DNA metabolic processes. For a long time, it has been viewed as an inert protector of …

In a three-dimensional (3D) representation, each protein molecule displays a specific
pattern of chemical and topological features, which are altered during its misfolding and …

Rho is a general transcription termination factor in bacteria, but many aspects of its
mechanism of action are unclear. Diverse models have been proposed for the initial …

Understanding the relationship between protein structural dynamics and function is crucial
for both basic research and biotechnology. However, methods for studying the fast dynamics …

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to transport a
large diversity of molecules actively across biological membranes. A combination of …

During lagging strand synthesis, DNA Ligase 1 (Lig1) cooperates with the sliding clamp
PCNA to seal the nicks between Okazaki fragments generated by Pol δ and Flap …

The use of fluorescence techniques has an enormous impact on various research fields
including imaging, biochemical assays, DNA‐sequencing and medical technologies. This …