Melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) are aggregates of highly pigmented phagocytes found
primarily in the head kidney and spleen, and occasionally the liver of many vertebrates …

In the present study, we review the structure and function of fish spleen with special
emphasis on its condition in Elasmobranchs, Teleosts and Lungfish. Apart from the amount …

Tilapia tilapinevirus (also known as tilapia lake virus, TiLV) is considered to be a new threat
to the global tilapia industry. The objective of this study was to develop simple cell culture …

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common hazardous food contaminant that seriously endangers
human and animal health. However, limited study is focused on aquatic animal. This …

For many years, feed-borne mycotoxin contamination has been a serious and unavoidable
problem in the aquaculture industry. This problem is extensively aggravated due to the …

Lumpfish is utilized as a cleaner fish to biocontrol sealice infestations in Atlantic salmon
farms. Aeromonas salmonicida, a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen, is the …

The present study tried to measure the formation of melanomacrophage centers (MMCs) in
various organs of male and female goldfish exposed to nonylphenol (NP) and aimed to …

The present study provides a baseline assessment of the prevalence and densities of
splenic melanomacrophage centres (MMCs) in 18 fish species from the NW Mediterranean …

Due to its prevalence in aquatic environments and potential cytotoxicity, 4-nonylphenol (4-
NP) has garnered considerable attention. As a medicinal plant with numerous biological …

Melanomacrophage centres (MMCs) are distinct aggregations of pigment-containing cells in
internal organs of fish, amphibians and reptiles. Although MMCs are commonly used as …