Cellular and molecular aging biomarkers might contribute to identify at-risk individuals for
frailty before overt clinical manifestations appear. Although studies on the associations of …

Background Systemic chronic inflammation has been proposed as an essential mediating
factor in frailty, and several studies tested its relationship with frailty. However, the issue is …

Severe trauma is an intractable problem in healthcare. Patients have a widespread immune
system response that is complex and vital to survival. Excessive inflammatory response is …

Introduction Ageing is associated with several physiological changes, including changes in
the immune system. Age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune system are …

The anesthetic-surgical stress response consists of metabolic, neuroendocrine,
hemodynamic, immunological, and behavioral adaptations through chemical mediators …

Background The 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) and the 11-factor modified frailty
index (mFI-11) are equally effective in predicting adverse outcomes in the American College …

Background The 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5) has been shown to predict adverse
outcomes in surgery; yet, its role in trauma patients is unclear. We hypothesized that …

Background Biomarkers for delirium could increase diagnostic accuracy and may help to
identify pathological pathways. Until now study findings concerning cytokine levels have …

Background It is unclear whether social isolation and loneliness may precede frailty status or
whether frailty may precipitate social isolation and loneliness. We investigated the reciprocal …

Objective We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-
2R), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT), and combined detection for sepsis …