Macrolides represent a large family of protein synthesis inhibitors of great clinical interest
due to their applicability to human medicine. Macrolides are composed of a macrocyclic …

Drug efflux pumps play a key role in drug resistance and also serve other functions in
bacteria. There has been a growing list of multidrug and drug-specific efflux pumps …

Antibiotic resistance continues to plague antimicrobial chemotherapy of infectious disease.
And while true biocide resistance is as yet unrealized, in vitro and in vivo episodes of …

Antibiotic resistance continues to hamper antimicrobial chemotherapy of infectious disease,
and while biocide resistance outside of the laboratory is as yet unrealized, in vitro and in …

Macrolide resistance mechanisms can be target-based with a change in a 23S ribosomal
RNA (rRNA) residue or a mutation in ribosomal protein L4 or L22 affecting the ribosome's …

Foodborne illnesses caused by bacterial microorganisms are common worldwide and
constitute a serious public health concern. In particular, microorganisms belonging to the …

From its introduction in 1952 onwards, the clinical use of macrolides has been steadily
increasing, both in human and veterinary medicine. Although initially designed to the …

The plasmid-borne mph (A) gene that confers resistance to azithromycin and has recently
emerged in Shigella sonnei is present in multidrug-and non–multidrug-resistant Escherichia …

Despite azithromycin being used in some countries to treat infections caused by Gram-
negative pathogens, no resistance breakpoint for Escherichia coli exists. The aim of this …

Among 64 uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from 13 cats and 51 dogs, 35
were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and 29 were non-ESBL …