Recently, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) released clinical criteria
and a grading system for nociplastic pain affecting the musculoskeletal system. These …

Neck pain imposes a considerable personal and socioeconomic burden—it is one of the top
five chronic pain conditions in terms of prevalence and years lost to disability—yet it receives …

Pain neuroscience education (PNE) is increasingly used as part of a physical therapy
treatment in patients with chronic pain. A thorough clinical biopsychosocial assessment is …

Background Manipulation and mobilisation are commonly used to treat neck pain. This is an
update of a Cochrane review first published in 2003, and previously updated in 2010 …

Hypersensitivity due to central pain mechanisms can influence recovery and lead to worse
clinical outcomes, but the ability of quantitative sensory testing (QST), an index of …

Introduction: Given our improved understanding of the role of central sensitization (CS) in
many patients with chronic pain, it seems rational to account for CS during treatment. Areas …

Background: The awareness is growing that central sensitization is of prime importance for
the assessment and management of chronic pain, but its classification is challenging …

INTERVENTIONS≈ STRETCHING ENERCISES: Flexibility exercises can be used for
patients with neck symptoms. Examination and targeted flexibility exercises for the following …

Purpose To develop an evidence-based guideline for the management of grades I–III neck
pain and associated disorders (NAD). Methods This guideline is based on recent systematic …

Central sensitization plays an important role in the pathophysiology of numerous
musculoskeletal pain disorders, yet it remains unclear how manual therapists can recognize …