The need for highly effective vaccines that induce robust and long-lasting immunity has
never been more apparent. However, for reasons that are still poorly understood, immune …

Ageing is a global burden. Increasing age is associated with increased incidence of
infections and cancer and decreased vaccine efficacy. This increased morbidity observed …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly and extensively to most countries
in the world, resulting in considerable mortality in Europe and the United States, as well as …

Ageing of the global population has become a public health concern with an important socio-
economic dimension. Ageing is characterized by an increase in the concentration of …

Vaccines are the most effective means available for preventing infectious diseases.
However, vaccine-induced immune responses are highly variable between individuals and …

BACKGROUND Induction of innate immune memory, also termed trained immunity, by the
antituberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) contributes to protection against …

Most vaccines require multiple doses to induce long-lasting protective immunity in a high
frequency of vaccines, and to ensure strong both individual and herd immunity. Repetitive …

Vaccines to protect against tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed. We performed a case–
control analysis to identify immune correlates of TB disease risk in Bacille Calmette–Guerin …

Development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines is a global priority and the best hope
for ending the COVID-19 pandemic. Remarkably, in less than 1 year, vaccines have been …

One of the most appreciated consequences of immunosenescence is an impaired response
to vaccines with advanced age. While most studies report impaired antibody responses in …