Staying ahead of the arms race against rust and mildew diseases in cereal crops is essential
to maintain and preserve food security. The methodological challenges associated with …

Fungal pathogens can secrete hundreds of effectors, some of which are known to promote
host susceptibility. This biological complexity, together with the lack of genetic tools in some …

Elucidating the similarity and diversity of pathogen effectors is critical to understand their
evolution across fungal phytopathogens. However, rapid divergence that diminishes …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are prominent root symbionts that can carry thousands
of nuclei deriving from two parental strains in a large syncytium. These co-existing genomes …

Stem rust caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is a devastating disease
of the global staple crop wheat. Although this disease was largely controlled in the latter half …

Recent reports suggest that cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors function
synergistically to activate robust defence against pathogens, but whether they co-evolve is …

Background Most animals and plants have more than one set of chromosomes and package
these haplotypes into a single nucleus within each cell. In contrast, many fungal species …

The gene-for-gene model proposed by HH Flor has been one of the fundamental precepts of
plant-pathogen interactions that has underpinned decades of research towards our current …

In clonally reproducing dikaryotic rust fungi, non-sexual processes such as somatic nuclear
exchange are postulated to play a role in diversity but have been difficult to detect due to the …

Many species of fungal plant pathogens coexist as multiple lineages on the same host, but
the factors underlying the origin and maintenance of population structure remain largely …