The adaptive immune system and associated inflammation are vital in surveillance and host
protection against internal and external threats, but can secondarily damage host tissues …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a progressive condition that is untreatable in up
to 90% of patients, is a leading cause of blindness in the elderly worldwide. The two forms of …

Age-related diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are of growing
importance in a world where population ageing has become a dominant global trend …

Para-inflammation is a tissue adaptive response to noxious stress or malfunction and has
characteristics that are intermediate between basal and inflammatory states (Medzhitov …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the
world. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of AMD remain largely unclear, a complex …

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are increasingly employed in ophthalmology
to reduce miosis and inflammation, manage scleritis, and prevent and treat cystoid macular …

Recently it has become clear that only a small percentage (7%) of disease-associated single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are located in protein-coding regions, while the …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease of the outer retina, characterized most
significantly by atrophy of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium accompanied with …

The treatment of ocular neovascular diseases is being revolutionized by intravitreal
therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Two agents are approved for …

Subretinal fibrosis is a result of a wound healing response that follows choroidal
neovascularization in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Although anti …