Recent developments in tunneling have stimulated design practitioners to more effectively
utilize the underground spaces. However, tunneling at shallow depth in soft grounds gives …

The convergence-confinement method (CCM) is a method that has been introduced in
tunnel construction that considers the ground response to the advancing tunnel face and the …

The limited efficiency of current supports has led to serious support system problems in
loess tunnel construction, which are mainly noted in arch distortion, shotcrete cracking …

Face bolting and umbrella arch techniques are widely adopted to increase the stability of
tunnels in conventional tunnelling. Nevertheless, owing to incomplete theoretical analysis …

Considering the micro-arching effect between pipe umbrella, the paper investigates the
mechanical response of pipe umbrellas during tunnel excavation by simulating pipe …

The umbrella arch method (UAM) is conventionally applied to reinforce the tunnel face when
difficult geologic conditions such as water inflow and shallow overburden are encountered …

By forming continuous pre-lining around the tunnel's perimeter, pre-cutting is a recognized
tunneling technique that enables full-face excavation of a tunnel even in unfavorable ground …

This paper presents an analysis of the influence of the umbrella arch on the settlements
induced by shallow tunneling, based on three-dimensional finite element simulations using …

This study presents a design method for the advanced support of subway tunnels for
different water content conditions in the silty clay layer. The influence of particle size …

In this study, a simple analytical method is presented to investigate the behavior of arch
umbrella supporting system (the forepolling system) in deep tunnels. For this purpose, a …