Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that
involves demyelination and axonal degeneration. Although substantial progress has been …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system that
causes demyelination, axonal degeneration and astrogliosis, resulting in progressive …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS, and
imposes major burdens on young lives. Great progress has been made in understanding …

Current multiple sclerosis phenotypic classifications include relapsing-remitting multiple
sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, radiologically isolated syndrome, primary …

The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis induce the changes that
underpin relapse-associated and progressive disability. Disease mechanisms can be …

Immune cells regulate a hypertonic microenvironment in the skin; however, the biological
advantage of increased skin Na+ concentrations is unknown. We found that Na+ …

During tissue inflammation, immune cells infiltrate the interstitial space of target organs,
where they sense and adapt to local environmental stimuli. Such stimuli include not only …

Increasing numbers of drugs are being developed for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
(MS). Measurement of relevant outcomes is key for assessing the efficacy of new drugs in …

The discovery of FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells as a distinct cell lineage with a central
role in regulating immune responses provided a deeper understanding of self-tolerance …

Brain imaging is increasingly used to support clinicians in diagnosing multiple sclerosis
(MS) and monitoring its progression. However, the role of magnetic resonance imaging …