Sea-level measurements from radar satellite altimetry have reached a high level of accuracy
and precision, which enables detection of global mean sea-level rise and attribution of most …

Sea-level variations spread over a very broad spectrum of spatial and temporal scales as a
result of complex processes occurring in the Earth System in response to natural variability …

Understanding historical and projected coastal sea-level change is limited because the
impact of large-scale ocean dynamics is not well constrained. Here, we use a global set of …

In order to cope with the rise in human-caused demands, Saudi Arabia is exploring new
groundwater sources. The groundwater potential of Wadi Ranyah was studied using a multi …

Attribution of sea-level change to its different drivers is typically done using a sea-level
budget approach. While the global mean sea-level budget is considered closed, closing the …

Studies of the global sea-level budget (SLB) and the global ocean-mass budget (OMB) are
essential to assess the reliability of our knowledge of sea-level change and its contributors …

Earth's energy imbalance (EEI) represents the rate of global energy accumulation in
response to radiative forcings and feedbacks. Ocean heat uptake (OHU) poses a vital …

Because regional sea-level rise can threaten coastal communities, understanding and
quantifying the underlying process contributing to reginal sea-level budget are essential …

Although global mean sea‐level rise since 1900 and regional mean sea‐level change since
the 1960s have been accounted for in terms of the sum of contributions, the same budget …

The ocean is the main heat reservoir in Earth's climate system, absorbing most of the top-of-
the-atmosphere excess radiation. As the climate warms, anomalously warm and fresh ocean …