We revisit the study of organizational goals, outcomes, and assessment of performance that
together define the process leading to 'success'. We begin by conducting a systematic …

Abstract From 2008 to 2020, 180 of S&P 1500 have disclosed employee diversity targets.
We conduct the first analysis of firms' employee diversity targets and ask three research …

This study examines the performance target response to CEO overconfidence. Using unique
hand-collected data on the annual bonus targets of Standard & Poor's (S&P) 1500 firms, we …

This study investigates when and why intrayear bonus target revisions occur. This is
important as intrayear target revisions occur regularly in practice but are not well …

Using data on earnings targets in annual bonus plans, we construct and validate an
empirical measure of beginning-of-year target difficulty and show that it is negatively …

While prior conceptualizations acknowledge that CEOs' psychological traits influence firm
outcomes, it remains unknown whether and how hometown identity as an important …

Drawing on insights from goal-setting theory, we assert that performance targets are highly
likely to be reached when they are set lower than prior performance. We hand-collect data …

Purpose This paper examines the effect of board reforms on managerial risk-taking incentive
provision in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) whose managers are undue risk-averse …

Firms often struggle to motivate managers' CSR performance, and little attention has been
paid to how performance evaluation can assist in this effort. We address this gap by …

Using a sample of S&P 500 firms with hand-collected information on the use and
substantiveness of CSR managerial compensation from proxy statements between 2000 …