Load frequency control in smart grids: A review of recent developments

M Wadi, A Shobole, W Elmasry, I Kucuk - Renewable and Sustainable …, 2024 - Elsevier
This study provides a comprehensive and fresh review of load frequency control (LFC) in
multi-area interconnected power systems (MAIPSs). The central tasks of LFC are to keep …

Solar and wind energy integrated system frequency control: A critical review on recent developments

MS Alam, TA Chowdhury, A Dhar, FS Al-Ismail… - Energies, 2023 - mdpi.com
A paradigm shift in power systems is observed due to the massive integration of renewable
energy sources (RESs) as distributed generators. Mainly, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and …

Nonlinear state-space modeling and optimal tracking control for pumped storage units

S Yan, X Yin, Y Zheng - Applied Energy, 2024 - Elsevier
The large-scale penetration of intermittent sources brings serious stability problems to power
systems with multiple energy complementary characteristics. The regulation performance of …

A survey on load frequency control of multi-area power systems: Recent challenges and Strategies

X Liu, S Qiao, Z Liu - Energies, 2023 - mdpi.com
Load frequency control (LFC) is well known for balancing the load demand and frequency
for a multi-area power system. Studies have proven that LFC can improve the global …

Multi-objective mayfly optimization-based frequency regulation for power grid with wind energy penetration

C Liu, Q Li, X Tian, L Wei, Y Chi, C Li - Frontiers in Energy Research, 2022 - frontiersin.org
With the continuous development of society and under the background of sustainable
development and resource conservation, the proportion of renewable energy in the global …

Real-time dispatch with secondary frequency regulation: A pathway to consider intra-interval fluctuations

M Xiang, Z Yang, J Yu, E Du, X Fang - IEEE Systems Journal, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Real-time dispatch balances the power demand with minimized operating costs. For the
current dispatch model, the demand is assumed to be constant within a time interval, while …

[HTML][HTML] Load frequency control progress: A comprehensive review on recent development and challenges of modern power systems

MM Gulzar, D Sibtain, M Alqahtani, F Alismail… - Energy Strategy …, 2025 - Elsevier
This research strives to examine the advancements in load frequency control (LFC) and
identify the future trajectory for interconnected multi-area power systems (IMAPSs). The …

Sliding mode without reaching phase design for automatic load frequency control of multi-time delays power system

DH Tuan, J Pidanic, V Van Huynh, VH Duy… - IEEE …, 2024 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
The automatic load frequency control (ALFC) is designed based on integral sliding mode
control (ISMC) without reaching time for a multi-time delay power system (MTDPS) with the …

[HTML][HTML] Adaptive load control of electrolytic aluminum for power system frequency regulation based on the aluminum production operation state

Q Yu, J Xu, S Liao, H Liu - Energy Reports, 2022 - Elsevier
The national” double carbon” plan promotes the reform of the power system, and large-scale
distributed energy is connected to the power system. It is difficult to control the fluctuation of …

Cubature Kalman filter and linear quadratic regulator for load frequency control

VV Gautam, R Loka, AM Parimi - Electric Power Systems Research, 2023 - Elsevier
Abstract Several controllers address Load Frequency Control (LFC) to minimize deviations
in system frequency caused due to rapid disturbances in load demand and Renewable …