Bacterial conjugation, also referred to as bacterial sex, is a major horizontal gene transfer
mechanism through which DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium by direct …

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem hindering treatment of bacterial
infections, rendering many aspects of modern medicine less effective. AMR genes (ARGs) …

Single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses are a major component of the earth virome. In particular,
the circular, Rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses show high diversity and …

Abstract Bacteriophage (“bacteria eaters”) or phage is the collective term for viruses that
infect bacteria. While most phages are pathogens that kill their bacterial hosts, the …

Abstract Type III-A CRISPR–Cas systems employ the Cas10–Csm complex to destroy
bacteriophages and plasmids, using a guide RNA to locate complementary RNA molecules …

The replication of members of the two circular single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) virus families
Geminiviridae and Nanoviridae, the only ssDNA viruses infecting plants, is believed to be …

Here, we describe a tripartite circular single-stranded (ss) DNA mycovirus, named Fusarium
graminearum gemytripvirus 1 (FgGMTV1). The genome of FgGMTV1 comprises three …

With the advent of metagenomics approaches, a large diversity of known and unknown
viruses has been identified in various types of environmental, plant, and animal samples …

The F plasmid or F-factor is a large, 100-kbp, circular conjugative plasmid of Escherichia coli
and was originally described as a vector for horizontal gene transfer and gene …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributes greatly to the plasticity and evolution of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. The main carriers of foreign DNA in HGT are mobile …