DIABETES mellitus is simply defined on the basis of hyperglycemia. It is, however, a highly
heterogeneous disease. A major advance was made in the late 1960s when insulin …

Publisher Summary This chapter attempts to identify the principles and issues elucidated in
animal models that may provide insights for the development of effective approaches to …

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a human mitogen that is specific for epithelial cells. The
complementary DNA sequence of KGF demonstrates that it is a member of the fibroblast …

For some time it has been thought that antigenic challenge in neonatal life is a tolerogenic
rather than immunogenic event. Reexamination of the classic neonatal tolerance …

Human antigen-specific CD4+ T cells become autoreactive after treatment with various DNA
methylation inhibitors, including 5-azacytidine, procainamide, and hydralazine. This …

A poorly immunogenic murine colon cancer was used to investigate mechanisms of
antitumor immunity. Injection of tumor cells engineered by gene transfection to secrete IL-2 …

Type 1 diabetes studies consistently generate data showing islet β-cell dysfunction and T
cell–mediated anti-β-cell–specific autoimmunity. To explore the pathogenesis, we …

By generating two types of transgenic mice we have investigated how extrathymic events
can contribute to self tolerance. The major histocompatibility complex class I gene Kb was …

The mechanism by which T lymphocytes an? tolerized to self or foreign antigens is still
controversial. Clonal deletion is the major mechanism of tolerance for immature thymocytes; …

Although many combinations of αβ T cell receptors are available to the T cells in any given
organism, far fewer are actually used by mature T cells. The combinations used are limited …