ABSTRACT In recent years, Game-Based Learning (GBL) has been widely adopted in
various educational settings. This paper aims to review empirical studies that adopt GBL in …

Learning engagements in programming learning activities are critical to developing
students' higher-order thinking skills. This study aimed to investigate the relationship …

Collaborative problem-solving (CPS) has significantly affected people's working patterns
and lifestyles and has become a critical competency in economies and society. CPS …

Robotics education has received widespread attention in K-12 education. Studies have
pointed out that in robotics courses, learners face challenges in learning abstract content …

Background Group size is one of the important factors that affect collaborative learning,
however, there is no consensus in the literature on how many students should the groups be …

This research focuses on student–robot interaction in the learning environment of robotics
education (RE) and attempts to explore how it cultivates students' computational thinking …

This study examined the effects of virtual and physical robots (VPR) using in different
learning stages (simple session/complex session) in a robotics programming course. A …

Studies have indicated the importance of scaffolding in the problem-solving process, as well
as the potential of integrating learning content into the troubleshooting tasks. However, few …

One of the aspects of programming that novices often struggle with is the understanding of
abstract concepts, such as variables, loops, expressions, and especially Boolean …

Robotics Education (RE) is viewed as a tool to narrow the gender gap in STEM fields,
especially for promoting girls' learning. As an emerging and potential model in RE, Pair …