Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression of pro-inflammatory
cytokines. This is the result of the innate immune system activation, without which no …

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common male sexual dysfunction by far and the
prevalence is increasing year after year. As technology advances, a wide range of physical …

Cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV) are well‐established biomarkers of the human
stress response system. While a relationship between cortisol and HRV is assumed, few …

Background Psychological stress and its two stress response systems, the hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS), are closely related to …

Childhood and adolescence are salient periods for the development of adrenocortical and
autonomic arms of the stress response system (SRS), setting the stage for subsequent …

The artificial light at night (ALAN) exposure has emerged as a significant environmental and
public health concern globally. However, there is far less evidence on the health effects of …

Virtual reality based physical stress (VRPS) paradigms could eliminate the influence of
social factors on participants, and it may be a desirable tool to explore the impact of …

The autonomic nervous system and the neuroendocrine system enable the body to switch
between states of “fight/flight/freeze” and of “rest/digest” when coping with stressors or …

Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression of pro-inflammatory
cytokines. This is the result of the innate immune system activation, without which no …

This doctoral thesis used a prospective design in a series of four studies to investigate links
between common early-life stress exposures, from in-utero to age 17, alterations in the HPA …