The phenylpropanoid pathway serves as a rich source of metabolites in plants and provides
precursors for lignin biosynthesis. Lignin first appeared in tracheophytes and has been …

Lignin is an important factor affecting agricultural traits, biofuel production, and the pulping
industry. Most lignin biosynthesis genes and their regulatory genes are expressed mainly in …

Lignin, a major component of secondary cell walls, hinders the optimal processing of wood
for industrial uses. The recent availability of the E ucalyptus grandis genome sequence …

Almost all terrestrial plants produce green leaf volatiles (GLVs), consisting of six-carbon (C6)
aldehydes, alcohols and their esters, after mechanical wounding. C6 aldehydes deter …

Background Lignin plays an important role in plant structural support and water transport,
and is considered one of the hallmarks of land plants. The recent discovery of lignin or its …

The enzymes cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD)
catalyze the two key reduction reactions in the conversion of cinnamic acid derivatives into …

Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is the first committed enzyme in the monolignol pathway
for lignin biosynthesis and catalyzes the conversion of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs into …

The increasing application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) unavoidably leads to
environmental release and biological exposure. Understanding the potential hazards of …

Background Bast fibres are characterized by very thick secondary cell walls containing high
amounts of cellulose and low lignin contents in contrast to the heavily lignified cell walls …

Key message The core set of biosynthetic genes potentially involved in developmental
lignification was identified in the model C4 grass Setaria viridis. Abstract Lignin has been …