Transition metals, which are of diversity in their bonding orbitals, have a variety of significant
oxidation states and more complex chemical properties compared to the main group metals …

Over the last century, the world has become increasingly dependent on oil as its main
source of chemicals and energy. Driven largely by the strong economic growth of India and …

In contrast to the nonrenewable fossil resources, biomass, the only renewable resource of
organic carbon in the nature, is considered as a special kind of inexhaustible feedstocks …

The biorefinery is an important approach for the current needs of energy and chemical
building blocks for a diverse range of applications, that gradually may replace current …

In recent years, 2, 5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF), which can be produced by the selective
hydrogenation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), has attracted great …

Vegetable biomass is generated from CO2 and H2O using sunlight as the energy source,
producing O2 as a subproduct. The primary products formed are C6-and C5-sugars that …

The electrochemical conversion of furfural to 2-methylfuran (MF) and of 5-
hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) to 2, 5-dimethylfuran (DMF) by means of a room-temperature …

Biomass resources have infinite possibilities for introducing nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus
heteroatoms into their structures by virtue of controllable carbon–heteroatom bond …

Transformation of a carbonyl functional group into thiocarbonyl has been an important
interest to synthetic organic chemists for many years. Two reagents, phosphorus …

With reference to the impending transition of chemical industry from depleting fossil raw
materials to renewable feedstocks the end of cheap oil is predicted for 2040 at the latest this …