The global spread of enteric disease, the increasingly limited options for antimicrobial
treatment and the need for effective eradication programs have resulted in an increased …

There is now a robust pipeline of licensed and World Health Organization (WHO)–
prequalified typhoid conjugate vaccines with a steady progression of national introductions …

In Asia, there are an estimated 12 million annual cases of enteric fever, a potentially fatal
systemic bacterial infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi (STy) and …

Historically, typhoid control has been achieved with water and sanitation interventions.
Today, in an era of rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR), two World Health Organization …

Background Typhoid fever is an endemic disease in many low-income and middle-income
countries. The 2018 WHO position paper recommends that countries should consider …

Background The proportion of enteric fever cases caused by Salmonella Paratyphi A is
increasing and may increase further as we begin to introduce typhoid conjugate vaccines …

Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterial genus that demonstrates notable variations in
serological reactivities, genetic compositions and pathogenic potential. Based on current …

Salmonella enterica Typhi (S. Typhi) and Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) are the causative
agents of enteric fever, a systemic human disease with a burden of 300 000 cases per year …

Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria is observed in poor
sanitary conditions. The peak incidence of typhoid occurs between 5–15 years of age. This …

Typhoid fever is a life-threatening health issue affecting millions of people worldwide.
Successful management of typhoid fever requires multidisciplinary strategies, including …