Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are intracellular molecules released from
infected or injured cells to activate inflammatory and reparatory responses. One of the most …

The P2X7 receptor is a cation channel activated by high concentrations of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP). Upon long-term activation, it complexes with membrane proteins forming …

Astrocytes are key homeostatic regulators in the central nervous system and play important
roles in physiology. After brain damage caused by eg, status epilepticus, traumatic brain …

JNJ-54175446 is a selective purine P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) antagonist that attenuates
microglial IL-1β/IL-18 release. In healthy volunteers, JNJ-54175446 suppressed peripheral …

Pharmacological tool compounds are now available to define action at the adenosine (ARs),
P2Y and P2X receptors. We present a selection of the most commonly used agents to study …

P2X7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed in multiple cell types including neurons,
dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, B and T cells where it can drive a wide range of …

Based on promising preclinical evidence, microglial P2X7 has increasingly being
recognized as a target for therapeutic intervention in neurological and psychiatric diseases …

Chronic pain is caused by cellular damage with an obligatory inflammatory component. In
response to noxious stimuli, high levels of ATP leave according to their concentration …

Drug development efforts that focused on single targets failed to provide effective treatment
for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, we designed cholinesterase inhibition (ChEI) …

The principle functions of neuroinflammation are to limit tissue damage and promote tissue
repair in response to pathogens or injury. While neuroinflammation has utility …