Research conducted over the past two decades has shown the importance of the type 1
insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to …

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) plays an important role in tissue growth and development. As
such, several studies have demonstrated the association between circulating levels of IGF-1 …

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), in particular IGF-I and IGF-II, strongly
stimulate the proliferation of a variety of cancer cells, including those from lung cancer. To …

The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), activated by its ligands, protects
several cell types from a variety of apoptotic injuries. The main signaling pathway for IGF-1R …

The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is frequently
overexpressed by tumours, and mediates proliferation and apoptosis protection. IGF …

Cancer remains a public health challenge in the identification and development of ideal
pharmacological therapies and dietary strategies. The use of whey protein as a dietary …

The IGF system components have been implicated in breast cancer progression. IGF-I and
IGF-II are mitogenic and anti-apoptotic peptides that influence the proliferation of various cell …

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been shown to link growth factor signaling
and posttranscriptional control of translation of proteins that are frequently involved in cell …

Breast cancers expressing estrogen receptor α, progesterone receptor, or the human
epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) proto-oncogene account for approximately 90 …

It is now well established that, in addition to its central role in the maintenance of
extracellular calcium levels and bone mineralization, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D (3)(1, 25 …