Abnormal fetal growth, both growth restriction and overgrowth, is associated with perinatal
complications and an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease later in life …

Fetal growth is regulated by a complex interaction of maternal, placental, and fetal factors.
The effects and outcomes that chemicals, widely distributed in the environment, may have …

The placenta mediates maternal-fetal exchange and has historically been regarded as a
passive conduit for nutrients. However, emerging evidence suggests that the placenta …

This review briefly describes the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in childhood,
such as cystic fibrosis (CF), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), juvenile idiopathic arthritis …

The mechanisms linking maternal nutrition to fetal growth and programming of adult disease
remain to be fully established. We review data on changes in placental transport in response …

Background: It was the aim of this study to assess whether very-low-birth-weight (VLBW)
infants born small for gestational age (SGA; birth weight less than 10th percentile) are at …

The ubiquitous nature of the IGF system, expressed early in embryonic development
throughout postnatal and adult life, indicates a key role for this system in human biology …

Objective The objective of this study is to determine whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
is associated with reduced fetal growth, and whether nocturnal oxygen desaturation …

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is necessary for adequate human growth. Overexpression
of the IGF2 gene is associated with fetal overgrowth and may play a role in the intrauterine …

The factors controlling linear growth and weight gain in the human fetus and newborn infant
are poorly understood. We review here the changes in linear growth, weight gain, lean body …