Ischemic stroke is caused primarily by an interruption in cerebral blood flow, which induces
severe neural injuries, and is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide …

Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Over the past few
decades our understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke has increased, but greater …

Mitochondria are a major target in hypoxic/ischemic injury. Mitochondrial impairment
increases with age leading to dysregulation of molecular pathways linked to mitochondria …

It has been known for more than 60 years, and suspected for over 100, that alveolar hypoxia
causes pulmonary vasoconstriction by means of mechanisms local to the lung. For the last …

Multiple roles have been indicated for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the immune system
in recent years. ROS have been extensively studied due to their ability to damage DNA and …

Over the past two decades, research has heavily emphasized basic mechanisms that
irreversibly damage brain cells after stroke. Much attention has focused on what makes …

The initial reports regarding a cytotoxic role of calcium ions were published over 30 years
ago. In neurons, calcium ions can gain entry into the cell through several mechanisms …

Reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generated endogenously or in response to
environmental stress have long been implicated in tissue injury in the context of a variety of …

Oxidative stress is considered a major contributor to etiology of both “normal” senescence
and severe pathologies with serious public health implications. Mitochondria generate …

Reactive oxygen species have been implicated in brain injury after ischemic stroke. These
oxidants can react and damage the cellular macromolecules by virtue of the reactivity that …