Catechols play an important role in many natural systems. They are known to readily interact
with both organic (eg, amino acids) and inorganic (eg, metal ions, metal oxides) compounds …

The plasma compartment has particular features regarding the nature and concentration of
low and high molecular weight thiols and oxidized derivatives. Plasma is relatively poor in …

Glutathione has been regarded as a significant signal for distinguishing between tumor and
normal tissue. Recently, reactive oxygen species have attracted much attention for their …

Significance: Disulfides are important building blocks in the secondary and tertiary structures
of proteins, serving as inter-and intra-subunit cross links. Disulfides are also the major …

Mussel adhesion is mediated by foot proteins (mfps) rich in a catecholic amino acid, 3, 4-
dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa), capable of forming strong bidentate interactions with a …

Thioredoxins are ubiquitous antioxidant enzymes that play important roles in many health-
related cellular processes. As such, the fundamental knowledge of how these enzymes work …

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the functional roles of disulfide bonds
and their relevance to human disease. The critical roles of disulfide bonds in protein …

Many cellular functions involve cysteine chemistry via thiol–disulfide exchange pathways.
The nucleophilic cysteines of the enzymes involved are activated as thiolate. A thiolate is …

The majority of the thiols (SH) 2 and disulfides (SS) in cells are found as the amino acid
cysteine and its disulfide, cystine (Fig. 1 A). The thiolate anion is intrinsically one of the …

Exploiting the redox-sensitivity of disulfide bonds is an increasingly popular means to trigger
drug release at a target location in the body. The bio-reducible linker (containing a disulfide) …