Bubble columns are intensively used as multiphase contactors and reactors in chemical,
biochemical and petrochemical industries. They provide several advantages during …

We present a comprehensive literature review on the two-phase bubble column; in this
review we deeply analyze the flow regimes, the flow regime transitions, the local and global …

Hydrological droughts are characterized based on their duration, severity, and magnitude.
Among the most critical factors, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff are essential in …

The utilization of hydrogen as an energy carrier and reduction agent in important industrial
sectors is considered a key parameter on the way to a sustainable future. Steam reforming of …

A knowledge of hydrodynamic characteristics is important because it helps in design,
control, analysis, optimization, operation, and modelling of the system, which enhances the …

This article presents a state-of-the-art review focusing on the current understanding of the
multiscale multiphase phenomena inside Bubble Column Reactors (BCRs). Although many …

With the dramatic increase in the international oil price, gas-to-liquid processes of Fischer−
Tropsch (FT) synthesis, methanol synthesis, and dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis have …

Simultaneous measurements of liquid velocity by laser Doppler velocimetry and bubble
velocity, diameter, and void fraction by a double optical probe are performed in a bubble …

Despite the fact that bubble columns are widely established within the process industry as
multiphase reactors and gas–liquid contactors, common research has been focused on the …

Bubble column reactors are multiphase contactors based on the dispersion of a gas phase
in the form of bubbles inside a cylindrical vessel where a liquid or a suspension circulates …