Two-phase in-nozzle flows, such as cavitation and flash boiling, have been well studied as
effective means to enhance spray breakup and atomization via phase change both within …

The flash-boiling spray has become a timely topic of seeking the high mixture quality and
clean combustion of the gasoline-direction-injection (GDI) engines. The flash-boiling spray …

A study on diesel spray characteristics is essential for the improvement of diesel combustion.
However, information on diesel spray characteristics, especially those by the effect of …

Increasing injection pressure can increase combustion efficiency in direct injection (DI)
diesel engines attributing to enhanced atomization. In this paper, a high pressure …

Synthetic dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is a promising alternative or oxygenated additive fuel to
reduce not only CO 2 but also particle number (PN) emissions from gasoline direct injection …

Fuel film in the gasoline direct injection injector tip, or so-called nozzle tip wetting, has been
found to be an important contributor of particle emissions. Attempts have been made to …

Hydraulic flip is a common phenomenon that occurs in a short injector nozzle with a
contraction flow which results in a separation flow without a wall reattachment. This …

Maximum fuel injection pressures for GDI engines is expected to increase due to positive
effects on emissions and engine-efficiency. Current GDI injectors have maximum operating …

For the simplicity of optical diagnostics, studies on fuel spray and combustion characteristics
of modern diesel engines have been conducted using the investigation nozzles having the …

Vortex flows can be observed in many industrial systems. One of the most intricate vortex
flows is the one formed in high-pressure fuel injector nozzles, which dynamics and influence …