Lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease that predominantly occurs in temperate regions of
the northern hemisphere and is primarily caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi in …

Lyme disease (Lyme borreliosis) is a tick-borne, zoonosis of adults and children caused by
genospecies of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The ailment, widespread …

Lyme disease Borrelia are obligately parasitic, tick-transmitted, invasive, persistent bacterial
pathogens that cause disease in humans and non-reservoir vertebrates primarily through …

In little more than 30 years, Lyme disease, which is caused by the spirochaete Borrelia
burgdorferi, has risen from relative obscurity to become a global public health problem and a …

Leptospirosis, caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, is a globally widespread,
neglected and emerging zoonotic disease. While whole genome analysis of individual …

The past two decades have seen a worldwide resurgence in infections caused by
Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the syphilis spirochete. The well-recognized capacity …

Bacteria can be adapted to adverse and detrimental conditions that induce general and
specific responses to DNA damage as well as acid, heat, cold, starvation, oxidative …

SUMMARY A large amount of knowledge has been acquired since the original descriptions
of Lyme borreliosis (LB) and of its causative agent, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. The …

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is a tick-borne obligate parasite whose normal reservoir
is a variety of small mammals. Although infection of these natural hosts does not lead to …

Outer surface protein C (OspC) is a differentially expressed major surface lipoprotein of
Borrelia burgdorferi. ospC is swiftly upregulated when spirochetes leave the Ixodes …