Immunotherapy is a clinically validated treatment for many cancers to boost the immune
system against tumor growth and dissemination. Several strategies are used to harness …

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) activates host's anti-tumor immune response by blocking
negative regulatory immune signals. A series of clinical trials showed that ICI could …

Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and is required for tumor growth and progression.
Antiangiogenic therapy has been revolutionarily developing and was approved for the …

Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that coordinates immune cell
trafficking. In cancer, they have a pivotal role in the migration pattern of immune cells into the …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a tumor subpopulation responsible for tumor metastasis
and resistance to chemo-and radiotherapy, ultimately leading to tumor relapse. As a …

Abstract Background Circular RNAs are a subgroup of non-coding RNAs and generated by
a mammalian genome. Herein, the expression and function of circular RNA circ-TTBK2 were …

Background Chemoresistance to temozolomide (TMZ) is a major challenge in the treatment
of glioblastoma (GBM). We previously found that miR-519a functions as a tumor suppressor …

As one of the most abundant immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME),
tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in multiple solid malignancies …

Cancer immunotherapy has been established as standard of care in different tumor entities.
After the first reports on synergistic effects with radiotherapy and the induction of abscopal …

Glioma is the most frequent and aggressive type of brain neoplasm, being anaplastic
astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), its most malignant forms. The survival …