The majority of exchanges of oxygen and nutrients are performed around vessels smaller
than 100 μm, allowing cells to thrive everywhere in the body. Pathologies such as cancer …

The neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) require precise control of their bathing
microenvironment for optimal function, and an important element in this control is the blood …

Astrocytes are critical components of the neurovascular unit that support blood-brain barrier
(BBB) function. Pathological transformation of astrocytes to reactive states can be protective …

Essential requisite for the preservation of normal brain activity is to maintain a narrow and
stable homeostatic control in the neuronal environment of the CNS. Blood flow alterations …

Blood–brain barrier pathology is recognised as a central factor in the development of many
neurological disorders, but much less is known about the role of the blood–brain barrier in …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a tightly regulated interface in the Central Nervous System
(CNS) that regulates the exchange of molecules in and out from the brain thus maintaining …

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) uses the temporal fluctuations of near-infrared (NIR)
light to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) non-invasively. Here, we provide a brief history of …

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second leading form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease
(AD) plaguing the elderly population. VaD is a progressive disease caused by reduced …

HIGHLIGHTS Psychological stress activates neuroendocrine pathways that alter immune
responses. Stress-induced alterations in microglia phenotype and monocyte priming leads …

Diabetes increases the risk and worsens the progression of cognitive impairment via the
greater occurrence of small vessel disease and stroke. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are …